Improvement in ventilators



e/@w i dime diuitd GEORGE J. ZIMMERMAN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLA ND.

' i Lena-s raam: No. 86,622, dated Bamm 2,1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN VENTILATORS. HMG- The Schedule referred to in theseLetters Patent and malng pax-: of the same.

To all 'whom it mel/y concern Be it known that I, GEORGE J. ZIMMERMAN,of the city and county of Baltimore, and State of Maryland, haveinvented a new and` improved Ventilator for Buildings; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full and exact description thereof,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of thisspeciiication, in which- Figure l is a sectional view of the cock-loftof a building ventilated by my invention;

Figure 2, a side elevation of my improved ventilator; Figure 3, a frontview thereof; and

Figure 4, a sectional view of the -same when inserted into a wall.

My invention consists of a peculiarly-formed ventilating-box, having twosections, united at an angle of from foity degrees to eighty degrees,more or less, in such a manner' as that, when. the front section thereofis set upon a wall in a horizontal plane, with its front edge flush withthe outer face thereof', the rear section shall project upwardly at agreater or less inclination to the rear face of thc wall, as illustratedin iig. 4 of the drawings, so that rain or snow cannot beat into thebuilding through the box.

Also, in the combination of these ventilators, inserted in the upperpar-tof the walls of a house, so as to open into the lspace between theroof and the ceilings of the upper rooms, and allow'a flow of cold airinto such space, with vertical dues in the chimneystacks, to carry ofi'the heated air, and thus form constant currents through said space,preventing an intensity of heat under the roof in the summer season.

My ventilator; A, may be cheaply cast of iron, in one piece, in the formclearly indicatedby figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings. i

Its sections, ay a', are rectangular, and, for convenieuce in insertingthe ventilator into a brick wall in building, I prefer to make the widthof the box equal to the length of a common brick, and its height thewidth of two courses of bricks, although any other convenient size maybe adopted in 'their manufacture, at pleasure. Y

rIhe width of the top of the front section, a, from its front edge tothepitch ofthe rear section, a', maybe made equal to that of a brick. Therear section, a', may be placed at such an' inclination with the frontsection, a, as the thickness of the wall in which it is to be used, andthe situationv ofthe point at which ventilation is required, may demand.Where the ventilators are to 'be used in supplying' cold air t`o thenarrow space between the rafters and the sheathing of a roof, (as at thepoint x of g. 1,) the inclination needs to be greater than where the airis to be introduced into an enlarged open space, as at 1 fi l. J7 Iefgont opening ofthe ventilator may be closed by a grating, more or lessornamental, as desired.

rlhe ventilators may readily be built up into a wall in the erectionVthereof', without extra labor. Their pe'- culiar form makes thementirely weather-proof. Being free from valves, they are ever inoperation, independently of all care of regulation, and cannot getout oforder.

They are especially adapted to the ventilation of cock-lofts, or spaceB, iig. 1, under theroofs of buildings, to prevent the excessivehcatwhich renders the close and uncomfortable in the summer season.

For this purpose, I insert a sufficient number of them in the uppercourses ofthe walls of the house, so that their inner ends shall project into the open space under the rafters, (from their peculiar form,this is readily accomplished without interfering with the finish of thewall, the grated openings imparting, on the contrary, an ornamentalappearance thereto,) and I then add, in combination with saidweather-proof ventilators, A A, an extra iiue, D, to each chimney-stackpassing up through the loft,'opening the same into the loft as upwardcurrentisthusibrmed through said flues, by means of which the heated airin the loft is constantly carried off as fast as cold air is suppliedthrough the ventilators, as illustrated by the arrows in the drawings.

Thus, by means of my invention, the upper stories of buildings may bekept as cool as any other portion thereof, with but a trie additionalexpense in their construction.

My ventilators are also admirably adapted for supthe Wall so as to beover the heads of the animals, and the upward inclination of the rearsections causes the current of air entering thereby to be thrown upwardand dissipated without creating a cold draught upon the animals.

I do not claim as my invention a ventilator consisting of a box havingits ends parallel to each other, but cut oi'r slaftingly to` thedirection of the box itself, in such manner as that, when the box isplaced in the wall, with its face ush with the face of the wall, itsbody shall be inclined, or have a slanting position from inside tooutside, said box being provided with a netting and a pivoted valve, forI contemplate in my invention simply a Ventilating-tube, o1 box, bent atan angle more or less obtuse, or a bent or curved tube, so formed as toextend-and reach from the front face of the wall of a dwelling, underthe moulding, near the top thereof, up through the wall, to 'the spaceimmediately under or between the rafters ofthe roof, substantially asillustrated in iig.- l ofthe drawings.

Having fully described my invention,

I claim, as a new article of manufacture, and desire to secure byLetters Patent- A bent, curved, or L-shaped Ventilating-box, or tube, ofsubstantially the form herein set forth.

In testimony of my claim to the foregoing weatherproof ventilator, Ihave hereunto set my hand, this 17th day of November, A. D, 1868.

GEO. J. ZIMMERMAN. Witnesses DAVID A. BURR, W. BURRIs.

-upper rooms of houses, as ordinarily constructed, so

closely as possible to theroof, as showuin iig. 2. An

plying fresh air to stables, for they may be inserted in'-

